Lactic AcidD-Lactic Acid L-Lactic Acid

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Last update: 2017-09-13 01:56
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Lactic Acid is a chemical compound that plays a role in several biochemical processes. Also known as milk acid, is a chemical compound that plays a role in several biochemical processe.

Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CO2H. It is a white, water-soluble solid or liquid that is produced both naturally and synthetically. With a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, lactic acid is classified as an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA). In the form of its conjugate base called lactate, it plays a role in several biochemical processes.

In solution, it can ionize a proton from the carboxyl group, producing the lactate ion CH3CH(OH)CO2−. Compared to acetic acid, its pKa is 1 unit less, meaning lactic acid deprotonates ten times more easily than acetic acid does. This higher acidity is the consequence of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the α-hydroxyl and the carboxylate group.

Lactic acid is chiral, consisting of two optical isomers. One is known as L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid and the other, its mirror image, is D-(−)-lactic acid or (R)-lactic acid. A mixture of the two in equal amounts is called DL-lactic acid.

Lactic acid is hygroscopic. DL-lactic acid is miscible with water and with ethanol above its melting point which is around 17 or 18 °C. D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid have a higher melting point.

Application:

In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal which is governed by a number of factors including: Monocarboxylate transporters, concentration and isoform of LDH and oxidative capacity of tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1-2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise to over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion.

In industry, Lactic Acid fermentation is performed by Lactobacillus bacteria, among others. These bacteria can operate in the mouth; The acid they produce is responsible for the tooth decay known as caries.

In medicine, lactate is one of the main components of Ringer's lactate or lactated Ringer's solution (CompoundSodium Lactate or Hartmann's Solution in the UK). This intravenous fluid consists of sodium and potassium cations, with lactate and chloride anions, in solution with distilled water in concentration so as to be isotonic compared to human blood. It is most commonly used for fluid resuscitation after blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or a burn injury.

ITEM

STANDARD

APPEARANCE

YELLOWISH LIQUID

ASSAY

80% MIN

HEAVY METALS(AS Pb)

0.001% MAX

IRON

0.001% MAX

ARSENIC

0.0003% MAX

CHLORIDE

0.2% MAX

SULPHATED ASH

0.1% MAX

RESIDUE ON IGNITION

0.1% MAX

SUGAR

PASS TEST

Lactic acid Pharma Grade 

ITEM

STANDARD

Content %

85-90

chloride %

≤0.002

sulphate %

≤0.01

iron %

≤0.001

residualon ignition

≤0.1

heavy metal %

≤0.001

arsenate %

≤0.0001

free carbonizing %

no brown color at interface

reducing sugar %

no red sediment

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